Rutin and Longevity

Rutin Impacts Aging Via

• Disabled macroautophagy
• Inflammaging
• Deregulated nutrient sensing
• Altered cellular communication
• Loss of proteostasis
• Mitochondrial dysfunction

The role of Rutin in aging and longevity

Rutin, sometimes known as vitamin P, is a type of phytonutrient with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is a naturally-occurring flavonoid found in many foods, particularly, buckwheat, apricots, cherries, grapes, grapefruit, plums, and oranges. Rutin may help to support healthy aging due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. It is also believed to play a positive role in promoting metabolic health and muscle health.

Consolidated research has shown that rutin impacts aging due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Notably, rutin helps to regulate pro-inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, cyclooxygenase-2, IL-1β, as well as blocking nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation to improve metabolic function. (Muvhulawa et al., 2022)

Cellular damage due to oxidative stress is one of the key markers of Alzheimer’s disease, an age-related neurodegenerative disease. Rutin is shown to promote healthy aging by regulating factors associated with an antioxidant response, such as Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which is a signaling molecule found in cells that initiates antioxidant response pathways. (Zhu et al., 2023)

Additionally, rutin also helps to protect cells from oxidative stress through other antioxidant response mechanisms like decreasing the production of NF-κB p65 protein, which is part of cellular pathways that elicit inflammatory responses. (Ismail et al., 2023) In this same study, researchers also showed that rutin helps to maintain a healthy inflammatory response by regulating the gene expressions of microRNAs, which are a class of non-coding RNA that play key roles in regulating gene expression.

Further research using animal models also found rutin to exhibit antioxidant characteristics through enhancing antioxidant markers such as superoxide dismutase-1, glutathione peroxidase-1, and glutathione S-transferase-α. Researchers also found that rutin promotes healthy cellular communication by altering the expression of cellular components that lead to age-related oxidative stress. (Saafan et al., 2023)

Other studies on animal models revealed that rutin exhibits its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties by targeting the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (mmp 2 and mmp9). These compounds play key roles in inflammatory response pathways. (Rana et al., 2022) The researchers also analyzed oxidative markers and found that rutin supplementation helped to maintain healthy levels of oxidative markers, such as glutathione peroxidase. (Rana et al., 2022)

Impact of Rutin on metabolic health

Rutin is shown to boost metabolic health by maintaining healthy fat metabolism in the body. In a clinical trial conducted on Japanese study subjects, an eight-week supplementation of rutin resulted in a reduction of total fat. (Hashizume and Tandia, 2020)

A study conducted on aged rats found that rutin supplementation promotes healthy aging by maintaining mitochondrial health, preventing oxidative stress, and ensuring proteostasis. (Li et al., 2016)

Rutin is shown to promote healthy aging by regulating mechanisms related to autophagy – the body’s natural process of reusing old and damaged cell parts. (Li et al., 2022) The scientists analyzed the metabolite levels in the cells and found that rutin has a positive effect on metabolism by mediating the breakdown of fat.

Impact of Rutin on muscle health

Aging leads to a progressive and generalized weakening of skeletal muscle, resulting in age-related sarcopenia, which is associated with frailty and poorer quality of life in older adults.

Clinical trials have found evidence that rutin supplementation may support muscle health during aging. After 12 weeks of consuming supplements with rutin, older adults were found to display improved mobility and knee extension strength. (Boutry-Regard et al., 2020) Combined with the effects of electrical muscle stimulation, researchers found significant improvements in muscle strength in older adults.

Additionally, researchers also found that supplementing with rutin-containing foods can help to target oxidative stress, improve antioxidant capacity and boost physical performance indicators, such as reduced fatigue after exercise during the 14 days of supplementation before and after workouts. (Moslemi et al., 2022)

NOVOS VITAL & Rutin

References

Boutry-Regard, C., Vinyes-Parés, G., Breuillé, D., & Moritani, T. (2020). Supplementation with Whey Protein, Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Polyphenols Combined with Electrical Muscle Stimulation Increases Muscle Strength in Elderly Adults with Limited Mobility: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients, 12(6), 1866. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061866

Hashizume, Y., & Tandia, M. (2020). The reduction impact of monoglucosyl rutin on abdominal visceral fat: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group. Journal of food science, 85(10), 3577–3589. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.15429

Ismail, A. F. M., Salem, A. A., & Eassawy, M. M. T. (2023). Rutin protects against gamma-irradiation and malathion-induced oxidative stress and inflammation through regulation of mir-129-3p, mir-200C-3p, and mir-210 gene expressions in rats’ kidney. Environmental science and pollution research international, 30(28), 72930–72948. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27166-z

Li, T., Chen, S., Feng, T., Dong, J., Li, Y., & Li, H. (2016). Rutin protects against aging-related metabolic dysfunction. Food & function, 7(2), 1147–1154. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5fo01036e

Li, S., Li, J., Pan, R., Cheng, J., Cui, Q., Chen, J., & Yuan, Z. (2022). Sodium rutin extends lifespan and health span in mice including positive impacts on liver health. British journal of pharmacology, 179(9), 1825–1838. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15410

Moslemi, E., Dehghan, P., Khani, M., Sarbakhsh, P., & Sarmadi, B. (2022). The effects of date seed (Phoenix dactylifera) supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress and aerobic and anaerobic performance following high-intensity interval training sessions: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The British journal of nutrition, 1–12. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114522002124

Muvhulawa, N., Dludla, P. V., Ziqubu, K., Mthembu, S. X. H., Mthiyane, F., Nkambule, B. B., & Mazibuko-Mbeje, S. E. (2022). Rutin ameliorates inflammation and improves metabolic function: A comprehensive analysis of scientific literature. Pharmacological research, 178, 106163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106163

Rana, A. K., Sharma, S., Saini, S. K., & Singh, D. (2022). Rutin protects hemorrhagic stroke development via supressing oxidative stress and inflammatory events in a zebrafish model. European journal of pharmacology, 925, 174973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174973

Saafan, S. M., Mohamed, S. A., Noreldin, A. E., El Tedawy, F. A., Elewa, Y. H. A., Fadly, R. S., Al Jaouni, S. K., El-Far, A. H., & Alsenosy, A. A. (2023). Rutin attenuates D-galactose-induced oxidative stress in rats’ brain and liver: molecular docking and experimental approaches. Food & function, 14(12), 5728–5751. https://doi.org/10.1039/d2fo03301a

Zhu, M., Zhang, Y., Zhang, C., Chen, L., & Kuang, Y. (2023). Rutin modified selenium nanoparticles reduces cell oxidative damage induced by H2O2 by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Journal of biomaterials applications, 38(1), 109–121. https://doi.org/10.1177/08853282231182765